{"id":5465,"date":"2024-12-27T11:18:53","date_gmt":"2024-12-27T11:18:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vartmaaninstitutesirsa.com\/?page_id=5465"},"modified":"2024-12-29T03:23:53","modified_gmt":"2024-12-29T03:23:53","slug":"ncert-exemplar-problems-with-solutions-chapter-2-electrostatic-potential-and-capacitance","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/vartmaaninstitutesirsa.com\/index.php\/ncert-exemplar-problems-with-solutions-chapter-2-electrostatic-potential-and-capacitance\/","title":{"rendered":"Ncert Exemplar problems with Solutions Chapter 2 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Ncert Exemplar Problems <\/span><\/u><\/strong>with solutions <\/span><\/u><\/strong>Chapter 2 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance<\/span><\/u><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/h1>\n
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Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Q. 1<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>A capacitor of 4 \u00b5<\/span><\/strong>F<\/span><\/em><\/strong> is connected as shown in the circuit. The internal resistance of the battery is 0.5\u03a9. The amount of charge on the capacitor plates will be<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

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(a) O <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>(b) 4 \u00b5 C <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>(c) 16 \u00b5C <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>(d) 8 \u00b5C<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>(d) <\/span><\/em>Current flows through 2<\/span>\u03a9 <\/span><\/em>resistance from left to right, is given by<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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I =\u00a0<\/span><\/em>\"\"V =\u00a0<\/span><\/em>\"\"\u00a0 <\/span><\/em>= <\/span><\/em>1<\/span>A<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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The potential difference across 2\u03a9 resistance\u00a0<\/span>V = IR = <\/span><\/em>1<\/span> x <\/span><\/em>2<\/span> = <\/span><\/em>2<\/span>V<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Since, capacitor is in parallel with 2Q resistance, so it also has 2V potential difference across it.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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The charge on capacitor<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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q<\/span><\/em>\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span>CV<\/span><\/em>\u00a0= (2\u00b5<\/span>F<\/span><\/em>) x 2<\/span>V<\/span><\/em>\u00a0= 8\u00b5<\/span>C<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Note\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>The potential difference across <\/span><\/em>2\u03a9\u00a0<\/span>resistance solely occurs across capacitor as no potential drop occurs across <\/span><\/em>10\u03a9\u00a0<\/span>resistance.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Q. 2<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>A positively charged particle is released from rest in an uniform electric field. The electric potential energy of the charge<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(a) remains a constant because the electric field is uniform<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(b) increases because the charge moves along the electric field<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(c) decreases because the charge moves along the electric field<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(d) decreases because the charge moves opposite to the electric field Thinking Process<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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In this problem, the relationship between\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>\u00a3 <\/span><\/strong>and V is actualised.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>(c) <\/span><\/em>The direction of electric field is always perpendicular to one equipotential surface maintained at high electrostatic potential to other equipotential surface maintained at low electrostatic potential.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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The positively charged particle experiences electrostatic force along the direction of electric field\u00a0<\/span>i.e.<\/span><\/em>, from high electrostatic potential to low electrostatic potential. Thus, the work is done by the electric field on the positive charge, hence electrostatic potential energy of the positive charge decreases.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Q. 3<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Figure shows some equipotential lines distributed in space. A charged object is moved from point <\/span><\/strong>A\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>to point <\/span><\/strong>B.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(a) The work done in Fig. (i) is the greatest<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(b) The work done in Fig. (ii) is least<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(c) The work done is the same in Fig. (i), Fig.(ii) and Fig. (iii)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(d) The work done in Fig. (iii) is greater than Fig. (ii) but equal to that in<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

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Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>(c) <\/span><\/em>The work done by a electrostatic force is given by W<\/span>12<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span>q <\/span><\/em>(V<\/span>2<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0\u2013 V<\/span>1<\/sub><\/span>). Here initial and final potentials are same in all three cases and same charge is moved, so work done is same in all three cases.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Q. 4<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>The electrostatic potential on the surface of a charged conducting sphere is 100V. Two statements are made in this regard<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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S<\/span><\/strong>1<\/sub><\/span><\/strong> at any point inside the sphere, electric intensity is zero.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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S<\/span><\/strong>2<\/sub><\/span><\/strong> at any point inside the sphere, the electrostatic potential is 100V.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Which of the following is a correct statement?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(a) S<\/span><\/strong>1<\/sup><\/span><\/strong> is true but S<\/span><\/strong>2<\/sub><\/span><\/strong> is false<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(b) Both <\/span><\/strong>S<\/span><\/em><\/strong>1<\/sub><\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>and S<\/span><\/strong>2<\/sub><\/span><\/strong> are false<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(c) S<\/span><\/strong>1<\/sup><\/span><\/strong> is true, S<\/span><\/strong>2<\/sub><\/span><\/strong> is also true and S<\/span><\/strong>1<\/sup><\/span><\/strong> is the cause of S<\/span><\/strong>2<\/sub><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(d) S<\/span><\/strong>1<\/sup><\/span><\/strong> is true, S<\/span><\/strong>2<\/sub><\/span><\/strong> is also true but the statements are independant<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>(c) <\/span><\/em>In this problem, the electric field intensity\u00a0<\/span>E <\/span><\/em>and electric potential\u00a0<\/span>V <\/span><\/em>are related as<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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E = \u2013\u00a0<\/span>\"\"<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Electric field intensity\u00a0<\/span>E = <\/span><\/em>0 suggest that\u00a0<\/span>\"\"\u00a0= 0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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This imply that\u00a0<\/span>V <\/span><\/em>= constant.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Thus,\u00a0<\/span>E <\/span><\/em>= 0 inside the charged conducting sphere causes , the same electrostatic potential 100V at any point inside the sphere.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Note\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>V equals zero does not necessary imply that E<\/span><\/em>\u00a0= 0\u00a0<\/span>e.g., the electric potential at any point on the perpendicular bisector due to electric dipole is zero but E not.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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E = <\/span><\/em>0<\/span> does not necessary imply that V = <\/span><\/em>0\u00a0<\/span>e.g., the electric field intensity at any point inside the charged spherical shell is zero but there may exist non\u2013zero electric potential.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Q. 5<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Equipotential at a great distance from a collection of charges whose total sum is not zero are approximately<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(a) spheres <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>(b) planes<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(c) paraboloids <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>(d) ellipsoids<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>(a) <\/span><\/em>In this problem, the collection of charges, whose total sum is not zero, with regard to great distance can be considered as a point charge. The equipotential due to point charge are spherical in shape as electric potential due to point charge<\/span> q <\/span><\/em>is given by<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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V = K<\/span><\/em>e<\/sub><\/span><\/em> \"\"<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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This suggest that electric potentials due to point charge is same for all equidistant points. The locus of these equidistant points, which are at same potential, form spherical surface.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Q. 6<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>A parallel plate capacitor is made of two dielectric blocks in series. One of the blocks has thickness <\/span><\/strong>d<\/span><\/em><\/strong>1<\/sub><\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>and dielectric constant <\/span><\/strong>K<\/span><\/em><\/strong>1<\/sub><\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>and the other has thickness <\/span><\/strong>d<\/span><\/em><\/strong>2<\/sub><\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>and dielectric constant <\/span><\/strong>K<\/span><\/em><\/strong>2<\/sub><\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>as shown in figure. This arrangement can be thought as a dielectric slab of thickness <\/span><\/strong>d ( = d<\/span><\/em><\/strong>1<\/sub><\/span><\/strong>\u00a0+ d<\/span><\/em><\/strong>2<\/sub><\/span><\/strong>)\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>and effective dielectric constant <\/span><\/strong>K.\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>The <\/span><\/strong>K is’<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

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(a)\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\"\"\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>(b) <\/span><\/strong>\"\"<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(c)\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\"\"\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>(d) <\/span><\/strong>\"\"<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>(c) <\/span><\/em>The capacitance of parallel plate capacitor filled with dielectric block has thickness c<\/span>1<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0and dielectric constant K<\/span>2<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0is given by<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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C<\/span>1<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span>\"\"<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Similarly, capacitance of parallel plate capacitor filled with dielectric block has thickness d<\/span>2<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0and dielectric constant\u00a0<\/span>K<\/span><\/em>2<\/sub><\/span> is given by<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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C<\/span>2<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span>\"\"<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Since, the two capacitors are in series combination, the equivalent capacitance is given by<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

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But the equivalent capacitances is given by<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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C =\u00a0<\/span><\/em>\"\"<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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On comparing, we have<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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K =\u00a0<\/span><\/em>\"\"<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Note For the equivalent capacitance of the combination, thickness is equal to the separation between two plates i.e., d<\/span><\/em>1<\/sub><\/span>+ d<\/span><\/em>2<\/sub><\/span> and dielectric constant K.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Multiple Choice Questions (More Than One Options)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Q. 7<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Consider a uniform electric field in the (??)\u2013direction. The potential is a constant<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(a) in all space <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>(b) for any <\/span><\/strong>x\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>for a given z<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(c) for any y for a given z <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>(d) on the <\/span><\/strong>x\u2013y\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>plane for a given z<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>(b, c, d)<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

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Here, the figure electric field is always remain in the direction in which the potential decreases steepest. Its magnitude is given by the change in the magnitude of potential per unit displacement normal to the equipotential surface at the point.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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The electric field in z\u2013direction suggest that equipotential surfaces are in\u00a0<\/span>x\u2013y <\/span><\/em>plane. Therefore the potential is a constant for any\u00a0<\/span>x <\/span><\/em>for a given z, for any y for a given z and on the\u00a0<\/span>x\u2013y <\/span><\/em>plane for a given z.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Note <\/span><\/strong>The shape of equipotential surfaces depends on the nature and type of distribution of charge e.g., point charge leads to produce spherical surfaces whereas line charge distribution produces cylindrical equipotential surfaces.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Q. 8<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Equipotential surfaces<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(a) are closer in regions of large electric fields compared to regions of lower electric fields<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(b) will be more crowded near sharp edges of a conductor<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(c) will be more crowded near regions of large charge densities<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(d) will always be equally spaced<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Ans.\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>(a,b,c)<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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The electric field intensity\u00a0<\/span>E <\/span><\/em>is inversely proportional to the separation between equipotential surfaces So, equipotential surfaces are closer in regions of large electric fields.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Since, the electric field intensities is large near sharp edges of charged conductor and near regions of large charge densities. Therefore, equipotential surfaces are closer at such places.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Q. 9<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>The work done to move a charge along an equipotential from <\/span><\/strong>A\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>to <\/span><\/strong>B<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(a) cannot be defined as \u2013\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\"\"<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(b) must be defined as \u2013\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\"\"<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(c) is zero<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(d) can have a non\u2013zero value<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>(c) <\/span><\/em>Work done in displacing a charge particle is given by W<\/span>12<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>= q(V<\/span><\/em>2<\/sub><\/span> \u2013 V<\/span>1<\/sup><\/span>) and the line integral of electrical field from point 1 to 2 gives potential difference\u00a0<\/span>V<\/span><\/em>2<\/sub><\/span> \u2013 <\/span><\/em>V<\/span>1<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0= \u2013<\/span>\"\"For equipotential surface, V<\/span>2<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0\u2013 V<\/span>1<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0= O and\u00a0<\/span>W = <\/span><\/em>0.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Note:\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>If displaced charged particle is + <\/span><\/em>1 C,\u00a0<\/span>then and only then option (b) is correct. But the NCERT exemplar book has given (b) as correct options which probably not so under given conditions.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Q. 10<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>In a region of constant potential<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(a) the electric field is uniform<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(b) the electric field is zero<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(c) there can be no charge inside the region<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(d) the electric field shall necessarily change if a charge is placed outside the region<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>(b, c)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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The electric field intensity\u00a0<\/span>E <\/span><\/em>and electric potential\u00a0<\/span>V <\/span><\/em>are related as E = 0 and for\u00a0<\/span>V = <\/span><\/em>constant,\u00a0<\/span>\"\" = <\/span><\/em>0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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This imply that electric field intensity\u00a0<\/span>E <\/span><\/em>= 0.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Q. 11<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>In the circuit shown in figure initially key <\/span><\/strong>K<\/span><\/em><\/strong>1<\/sub><\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>is closed and key <\/span><\/strong>K<\/span><\/em><\/strong>2<\/sub><\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>is open. Then <\/span><\/strong>K<\/span><\/em><\/strong>1<\/sub><\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>is opened and <\/span><\/strong>K<\/span><\/em><\/strong>2<\/sub><\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>is closed (order is important).<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[Take <\/span><\/strong>Q’<\/span><\/em><\/strong>1<\/sub><\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>and Q<\/span><\/strong>2<\/sub><\/span><\/strong>‘ as charges on C<\/span><\/strong>1<\/sub><\/span><\/strong> and C<\/span><\/strong>2<\/sub><\/span><\/strong> and <\/span><\/strong>V<\/span><\/em><\/strong>1<\/sub><\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>and <\/span><\/strong>V<\/span><\/em><\/strong>2<\/sub><\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>as voltage respectively.]<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

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Then,<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(a) charge on C<\/span><\/strong>1<\/sub><\/span><\/strong> gets redistributed such that V<\/span><\/strong>1<\/sub><\/span><\/strong> = V<\/span><\/strong>2<\/sub><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(b) charge on C<\/span><\/strong>1<\/sub><\/span><\/strong> gets redistributed such that Q’<\/span><\/strong>1<\/sub><\/span><\/strong> = Q’<\/span><\/strong>2<\/sub><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(c) charge on C<\/span><\/strong>1<\/sup><\/span><\/strong> gets redistributed such that C<\/span><\/strong>1<\/sub><\/span><\/strong>V<\/span><\/strong>1<\/sub><\/span><\/strong> + C<\/span><\/strong>2<\/sub><\/span><\/strong>V<\/span><\/strong>2<\/sub><\/span><\/strong> = C<\/span><\/strong>1<\/sub><\/span><\/strong>E<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(d) charge on C, gets redistributed such that Q’<\/span><\/strong>1<\/sub><\/span><\/strong> + Q’<\/span><\/strong>2<\/sub><\/span><\/strong> = Q<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>(a, d)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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The charge stored by capacitor C<\/span>1<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0gets redistributed between C<\/span>1<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0and C<\/span>2<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0till their potentials become same i.e.<\/span> ,V<\/span><\/em>2<\/sub><\/span> = V<\/span><\/em>1<\/sub><\/span> By law of conservation of charge, the charge stored in capacitor C<\/span>1<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0when key K<\/span>1<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0is closed and key\u00a0<\/span>K<\/span><\/em>2<\/sub><\/span> is open is equal to sum of charges on capacitors\u00a0<\/span>C<\/span><\/em>1<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0<\/sub><\/span><\/em>and C<\/span>2<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0when K<\/span>1<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0is opened and\u00a0<\/span>K<\/span><\/em>2<\/sub><\/span> is closed\u00a0<\/span>i.e.,<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Q<\/span>1<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0+ Q<\/span>2<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0= Q<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Q. 12<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>If a conductor has a potential <\/span><\/strong>V\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>\u2260 0 and there are no charges anywhere else outside, then<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(a) there must be charges on the surface or inside itself<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(b) there cannot be any charge in the body of the conductor<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(c) there must be charges only on the surface<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(d) there must be charges inside the surface<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>(a, b)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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The charge resides on the outer surface of a closed charged conductor.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Q. 13<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>A parallel plate capacitor is connected to a battery as shown in figure. Consider two situations.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

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A. Key <\/span><\/strong>K\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>is kept closed and plates of capacitors are moved apart using insulating handle.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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B. Key <\/span><\/strong>K\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>is opened and plates of capacitors are moved apart using insulating handle.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Choose the correct option(s).<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(a) In A Q remains same but C changes<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(b) In B V remains same but C changes<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

(c) In A V remains same and hence Q changes<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

(d) In B Q remains same and hence V changes<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>(c, d)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Case A <\/span><\/strong>When key\u00a0<\/span>K <\/span><\/em>is kept closed and plates of capacitors are moved apart using insulating handle, the separation between two plates increases which in turn decreases its capacitance\u00a0<\/span>\"\"\u00a0and hence, the charge stored decreases as Q =\u00a0<\/span>CV <\/span><\/em>( potential continue to be the same as capacitor is still connected with cell).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Case B <\/span><\/strong>When key K is opened and plates of capacitors are moved apart using insulating handle, charge stored by disconnected charged capacitor remains conserved and with the decreases of capacitance, potential difference\u00a0<\/span>V <\/span><\/em>increases as\u00a0<\/span>V = Q \/C.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Very Short Answer Type Questions<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Q. 14<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Consider two conducting spheres of radii R<\/span>1<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0and\u00a0<\/span>R<\/span><\/em>2<\/sub><\/span> with\u00a0<\/span>R<\/span><\/em>1<\/sub><\/span> > R<\/span><\/em>2<\/sub><\/span>. <\/span><\/em>If the two are at the same potential, the larger sphere has more charge than the smaller sphere. State whether the charge density of the smaller sphere is more or less than that of the larger one.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Since, the two spheres are at the same potential, therefore<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

=\u00a0<\/span>\"\"<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\n

This imply that \u03c3<\/span>1<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0> \u03c3<\/span>2<\/sub><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

The charge density of the smaller sphere is more than that of the larger one.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Q. 15<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Do free electrons travel to region of higher potential or lower potential?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>The free electrons experiences electrostatic force in a direction opposite to the direction of electric field being is of negative charge. The electric field always directed from higher potential to lower travel.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Therefore, electrostatic force and hence direction of travel of electrons is from lower potential to region of higher potential.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Q. 16<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Can there be a potential difference between two adjacent conductors carrying the same charge?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Yes, <\/span><\/em>if the sizes are different.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Q.17 <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Can the potential function have a maximum or minimum in free space?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>No, <\/span><\/em>The absence of atmosphere around conductor prevents the phenomenon of electric discharge or potential leakage and hence, potential function do not have a maximum or minimum in free space.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Q. 18<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>A test charge<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0q\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>is made to move in the electric field of a point charge Q along two different closed paths [figure first path has sections along and perpendicular to lines of electric field. Second path is a rectangular loop of the same area as the first loop. How does the work done compare in the two cases?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\n

Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>As electric field is conservative, work done will be zero in both the cases.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Note Conservative forces (like electrostatic force or gravitational force) are those forces, work done by which depends only on initial position and final position of object viz charge, but not on the path through which it goes from initial position to final position.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Short Answer Type Questions<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Q. 19<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Prove that a closed equipotential surface with no charge within itself must enclose an equipotential volume.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Let’s assume contradicting statement that the potential is not same inside the closed equipotential surface. Let the potential just inside the surface is different to that of the surface causing in a potential gradient<\/span>\"\". Consequently electric field comes into existence, which is given by as\u00a0<\/span>E <\/span><\/em>= \u2013\u00a0<\/span>\"\"dV.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Consequently field lines pointing inwards or outwards from the surface. These lines cannot be again on the surface, as the surface is equipotential. It is possible only when the other end of the field lines are originated from the charges inside.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

This contradict the original assumption. Hence, the entire volume inside must be equipotential.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Q. 20<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>A capacitor has some dielectric between its plates and the capacitor is connected to a DC source. The battery is now disconnected and then the dielectric is removed . State whether the capacitance, the energy stored in it, electric field, charge stored and the voltage will increase, decrease or remain constant.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>The capacitance of the parallel plate capacitor, filled with dielectric medium of dielectric constant K is given by<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

C =\u00a0<\/span>\"\", where signs are as usual.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

The capacitance of the parallel plate capacitor decreases with the removal of dielectric medium as for air or vacuum\u00a0<\/span>K <\/span><\/em>= 1.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

After disconnection from battery charge stored will remain the same due to conservation of charge.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

The energy stored in an isolated charge capacitor =\u00a0<\/span>\"\"; as<\/span> q <\/span><\/em>is constant, energy stored \u221e 1\/C and C decreases with the removal of dielectric medium, therefore energy stored increases. Since<\/span> q <\/span><\/em>is constant and\u00a0<\/span>V = q <\/span><\/em>\/ C and C decreases which in turn increases\u00a0<\/span>V <\/span><\/em>and therefore \u00a3 increases as\u00a0<\/span>E = V\/d .<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Note:\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>One of the very important questions with the competitive point of view.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Q. 21<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Prove that, if an insulated, uncharged conductor is placed near a charged conductor and no other conductors are present, the uncharged body must intermediate in potential between that of the charged body and that of infinity.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Let us take any path from the charged conductor to the uncharged conductor along the direction of electric field. Therefore, the electric potential decrease along this path.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Now, another path from the uncharged conductor to infinity will again continually lower the potential further. This ensures that the uncharged body must be intermediate in potential between that of the charged body and that of infinity.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Q. 22<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Calculate potential energy of a point charge <\/span><\/strong>\u2013q\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>placed along the axis due to a charge+ Q uniformly distributed along a ring of radius R. Sketch PE, as a function of axial distance <\/span><\/strong>z\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>from the centre of the ring. Looking at graph, can you see what would happen if <\/span><\/strong>\u2013q\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>is displaced slightly from the centre of the ring (along the axis)?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Let us take point\u00a0<\/span>P <\/span><\/em>to be at a distance\u00a0<\/span>x <\/span><\/em>from the centre of the ring, as shown in figure. The charge element\u00a0<\/span>dq <\/span><\/em>is at a distance\u00a0<\/span>x <\/span><\/em>from point\u00a0<\/span>P. <\/span><\/em>Therefore,\u00a0<\/span>V <\/span><\/em>can be written as<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\n

where,\u00a0<\/span>k <\/span><\/em>=\u00a0<\/span>\"\", since each element dq is at the same distance from point\u00a0<\/span>P, <\/span><\/em>so we have net potential<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\n

Considering \u2013<\/span> q <\/span><\/em>charge at\u00a0<\/span>P, <\/span><\/em>the potential energy is given by<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

U = W = q x <\/span><\/em>potential difference<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\n

This is the required expression.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

The variation of potential energy with\u00a0<\/span>z <\/span><\/em>is shown in the figure. The charge\u00a0<\/span>\u2013q <\/span><\/em>displaced would perform oscillations.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Nothing can be concluded just by looking at the graph.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Q. 23<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Calculate potential on the axis of a ring due to charge <\/span><\/strong>Q\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>uniformly distributed along the ring of radius <\/span><\/strong>R.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Let us take point\u00a0<\/span>P <\/span><\/em>to be at a distance\u00a0<\/span>x <\/span><\/em>from the centre of the ring, as shown in figure. The charge element\u00a0<\/span>dq <\/span><\/em>is at a distance\u00a0<\/span>x <\/span><\/em>from point\u00a0<\/span>P. <\/span><\/em>Therefore, V can be written as<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\n

where, k<\/span>e<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span>\"\", since each element\u00a0<\/span>dq <\/span><\/em>is at the same distance from point\u00a0<\/span>P, <\/span><\/em>so we have net potential<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"\"\"<\/p>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Long Answer Type Questions<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Q. 24<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Find the equation of the equipotentials for an infinite cylinder of radius <\/span><\/strong>r<\/span><\/em><\/strong>0<\/sub><\/span><\/strong> carrying charge of linear density <\/span><\/strong>\uf06c<\/span><\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Let the field lines must be radically outward. Draw a cylindrical Gaussian surface of radius\u00a0<\/span>r <\/span><\/em>and length\u00a0<\/span>l. <\/span><\/em>Then, applying Gauss’ theorem<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\n

The equipotential surfaces are cylinders of radius.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Q. 25<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Two point charges of magnitude +<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0q\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>and \u2013<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0q\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>are placed at (\u2013 <\/span><\/strong>d \/\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>2, 0, 0) and <\/span><\/strong>(d \/\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>2, 2, 0), respectively. Find the equation of the equipotential surface where the potential is zero.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Let the required plane lies at a distance\u00a0<\/span>x <\/span><\/em>from the origin as shown in figure.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

The potential at the point\u00a0<\/span>p<\/span><\/em>\u00a0due to charges is given by<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

If net electric potential is zero, then<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

The equation of the required plance is x = 0 i.e., y \u2013 z plane.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

Q. 26<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>A parallel plate capacitor is filled by a dielectric whose relative permittivity varies with the applied voltage <\/span><\/strong>(U)\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>as <\/span><\/strong>\u03b5 = \u03b1U\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>where <\/span><\/strong>a =\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>2<\/span><\/strong>V<\/span><\/em><\/strong>\u2013<\/sup><\/span><\/em><\/strong>1<\/sup><\/span><\/strong>.\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>A similar capacitor with no dielectric is charged to <\/span><\/strong>U<\/span><\/em><\/strong>0<\/sub><\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>= 78 V. It is then connected to the uncharged capacitor with the dielectric. Find the final voltage on the capacitors.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Assuming the required final voltage be\u00a0<\/span>U. <\/span><\/em>If C is the capacitance of the capacitor without the dielectric, then the charge on the capacitor is given by\u00a0<\/span>Q<\/span><\/em>1<\/sub><\/span> = CU<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Since, the capacitor with the dielectric has a capacitance \u03b5C. Hence, the charge on the capacitor is given by<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\n

Q. 27<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>A capacitor is made of two circular plates of radius <\/span><\/strong>R\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>each, separated by a distance <\/span><\/strong>d << R.\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>The capacitor is connected to a constant voltage. A thin conducting disc of radius <\/span><\/strong>r << R\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>and thickness <\/span><\/strong>t << r\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>is placed at a centre of the bottom plate. Find the minimum voltage required to lift the disc if the mass of the disc is <\/span><\/strong>m.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Assuming initially the disc is in touch with the bottom plate, so the entire plate is a equipotential.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

The electric field on the disc, when potential difference V is applied across it, given by<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

\"\"<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Let charge q is transferred to the disc during the process,<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Therefore by Gauss\u2019 theorem,<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

\"\"<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Sicne, Gauss theorem states that<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

The force acting on the disc is<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

If the disc is to be lifted, then<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

This is the required expression<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

Q. 28<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>(a) In a quark model of elementary particles, a neutron is made of one up quarks [charge (2\/3) e] and two down quarks [charges \u2013(1\/3) e]. Assume that they have a triangle configuration with side length of the order of 10<\/span><\/strong>\u201315<\/sup><\/span><\/strong> m. Calculate electrostatic potential energy of neutron and compare it with its mass 939 MeV.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

(b) Repeat above exercise for a proton which is made of two up and one down quark.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>This system is made up of three charges. The potential energy of the system is equal to the algebraic sum of PE of each pair. So,<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\n

Q. 29<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Two metal spheres, one of radius <\/span><\/strong>R\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>and the other of radius 2<\/span><\/strong>R,\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>both have same surface charge density <\/span><\/strong>\u03c3.\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>They are brought in contact and separated. What will be new surface charge densities on them?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>The charges on two metal spheres, before coming in contact, are given by<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Q = \u03c3.<\/span><\/em>4<\/span>\"\"R<\/span><\/em>2<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Q<\/span>2<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>= \u03c3.<\/span><\/em>4<\/span>\"\"(<\/span><\/em>2<\/span>R<\/span><\/em>2<\/sup><\/span>)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

= 4(<\/span>\u03c3<\/span><\/em>.4<\/span>\"\"R<\/span><\/em>2<\/sup><\/span>) = 4<\/span>Q<\/span><\/em>1<\/sub><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Let the charges on two metal spheres , after coming in contact becomes O’<\/span>1<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0and\u00a0<\/span>Q’<\/span><\/em>2<\/sub><\/span>.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Now applying law of conservation of charges is given by<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

\"\"<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

After coming in contract, they acquire equal potentials. Therefore, we have<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

On solving, we get<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"\"\"\"\"<\/p>\n

\n

Q. 30<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>In the circuit shown in figure, initially <\/span><\/strong>K<\/span><\/em><\/strong>1<\/sub><\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>is closed and <\/span><\/strong>K<\/span><\/em><\/strong>2<\/sub><\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>is open. What are the charges on each capacitors?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Then K<\/span><\/strong>1<\/sub><\/span><\/strong> was opened and <\/span><\/strong>K<\/span><\/em><\/strong>2<\/sub><\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>was closed (order is important), what will be the charge on each capacitor now? [C = 1\u00b5F]<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>In the circuit, when initially K<\/span>1<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0is closed and\u00a0<\/span>K<\/span><\/em>2<\/sub><\/span> is open, the capacitors C<\/span>1<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0and C<\/span>2<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0acquires potential difference V<\/span>1<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0and\u00a0<\/span>V<\/span><\/em>2<\/sub><\/span> respectively. So, we have<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

V<\/span><\/em>i<\/sub><\/span><\/em>1<\/sub><\/span> V<\/span><\/em>2<\/sub><\/span> = E<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

and\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>V<\/span><\/em>1<\/sub><\/span> + V<\/span><\/em>2<\/sub><\/span> = 9V<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Also, in series combination,\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>V <\/span><\/em>\"\"\u00a01 \/c<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

V<\/span>1<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0: V<\/span>2<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0= 1\/6:1\/3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

On solving<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

\"\"\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>V<\/span>1<\/sub><\/span>, = 3V and V<\/span>2<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0= 6V<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

\"\"\u00a0<\/span><\/em>Q<\/span><\/em>1<\/sub><\/span> = C<\/span><\/em>1<\/sub><\/span>V<\/span><\/em>1<\/sub><\/span> = <\/span><\/em>6<\/span>Cx <\/span><\/em>3<\/span> = <\/span><\/em>18<\/span>\u00b5C<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Q<\/span><\/em>2<\/sub><\/span> = 9\u00b5C and Q<\/span>3<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0= 0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Then, K, was opened and\u00a0<\/span>K<\/span><\/em>2<\/sub><\/span> was closed, the parallel combination of C<\/span>2<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0and C<\/span>3<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0is in series with C<\/span>1<\/sub><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Q<\/span><\/em>2\u00a0<\/sub><\/span>= Q’<\/span><\/em>2<\/sub><\/span>+ <\/span><\/em>Q<\/span>3<\/sub><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

and considering common potential of parallel combination as\u00a0<\/span>V, <\/span><\/em>then we have<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

C<\/span><\/em>2<\/sub><\/span>V+C<\/span><\/em>3<\/sub><\/span>V = Q<\/span><\/em>2<\/sub><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

\"\"\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>V = <\/span><\/em>\"\"\u00a0= (3\/2)V<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

On solving,\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Q’<\/span>2<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0= (9\/2)\u00b5C<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

and\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Q<\/span>3<\/sub><\/span>\u00a0= (9\/2)\u00b5C<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Q. 31<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Calculate potential on the axis of a disc of radius <\/span><\/strong>R\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>due to a charge Q uniformly distributed on its surface.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Let the point\u00a0<\/span>P <\/span><\/em>lies at a distance\u00a0<\/span>x <\/span><\/em>from the centre of the disk and take the plane of the disk to be perpendicular to the x\u2013axis. Let the disc is divided into a number of charged rings as shown in figure.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\n

The electric potential of each ring, of radius\u00a0<\/span>r <\/span><\/em>and width\u00a0<\/span>dr, <\/span><\/em>have charge\u00a0<\/span>dq <\/span><\/em>is given by<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

\u03c3 dA = \u03c3<\/span><\/em>2<\/span> \u03c0rdr<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

and potential is given by<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

(Refer the solution of <\/span><\/em>Q. 23<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\n

where K<\/span>\u03b5 = <\/span><\/em>1<\/span>\/<\/span><\/em>4<\/span>\u03c0\u03b5<\/span><\/em>0<\/sub><\/span> the total electric potential at\u00a0<\/span>P, <\/span><\/em>is given by<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\n

Note <\/span><\/strong>You may take a = R in this problem.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Q. 32<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Two charges<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0q<\/span><\/em><\/strong>1<\/sub><\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>and<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0q<\/span><\/em><\/strong>2<\/sub><\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>are placed at (0, 0, <\/span><\/strong>d)\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>and (0, 0, <\/span><\/strong>\u2013d)\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>respectively. Find locus of points where the potential is zero.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Let <\/span><\/strong>any arbitrary point on the required plane is\u00a0<\/span>(x, y, z) <\/span><\/em>.The two charges lies on z\u2013axis at a separation of 2<\/span>d.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

The potential at the point P due to two charges is given by<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

On squaring and simplifying, we get<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

The is the equation of a sphere with centre at<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\n

Note <\/span><\/strong>The<\/span><\/em>\u00a0centre\u00a0<\/span>and radius of sphere (x\u2013a)<\/span><\/em>2<\/sup><\/span> +(y\u2013b)<\/span><\/em>2<\/sup><\/span> +(z\u2013c)<\/span><\/em>2<\/sup><\/span> = r<\/span><\/em>2<\/sup><\/span> is (a, b, c) and r respectively.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Q. 33<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Two charges <\/span><\/strong>\u2013q\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>each are separated by distance 2<\/span><\/strong>d.\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>A third charge +<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0q\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>is kept at mid\u2013point 0. Find potential energy of +<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0q\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>as a function of small distance <\/span><\/strong>x\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>from 0 due to <\/span><\/strong>\u2013q\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>charges. Sketch PE Vs\/x and convince yourself that the charge at 0 is in an unstable equilibrium.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Ans. <\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Let third charge +<\/span> q <\/span><\/em>is slightly displaced from mean position towards first charge. So, the total potential energy of the system is given by<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\n

The system will be in equilibrium, if<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

F<\/span><\/em>\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span>\"\"\u00a0= 0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

On solving,\u00a0<\/span>x <\/span><\/em>= 0. So for,\u00a0<\/span>+q <\/span><\/em>charge to be in stable\/unstable equilibrium, finding second derivative of\u00a0<\/span>PE<\/span><\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\n

This shows that system will be unstable equilibrium.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ncert Exemplar problems with Solution Chapter 1 Electric Charge and Fields<\/a><\/h3>\n

Ncert Exemplar problems with Solutions Chapter 3 Current Electricity<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ncert Exemplar Problems with solutions Chapter 2 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance\u00a0 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) Q. 1\u00a0A capacitor of 4 \u00b5F is connected as shown in the circuit. The internal resistance of the battery is 0.5\u03a9. The amount of charge on the capacitor plates will be (a) O \u00a0(b) 4 \u00b5 C \u00a0(c) 16 \u00b5C […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5465","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_hostinger_reach_plugin_has_subscription_block":false,"_hostinger_reach_plugin_is_elementor":false,"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"sandeep.soni484@gmail.com","author_link":"https:\/\/vartmaaninstitutesirsa.com\/index.php\/author\/sandeep-soni484gmail-com\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Ncert Exemplar Problems with solutions Chapter 2 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance\u00a0 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) Q. 1\u00a0A capacitor of 4 \u00b5F is connected as shown in the circuit. The internal resistance of the battery is 0.5\u03a9. 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